Annihilationism
Introduction
- Why write about annihilationism?
- Matt Slick to those who want me to respond to their responses to these articles
- Dictionary of terms related to annihilationism
- Bibliography used in researching annihilationism/conditionalism
- Being open-minded about annihilationism
- Various quotes used in research on annihilationism
- Conclusion on Annihilationism
Articles
- What is annihilationism and is it biblical?
- What is conditional immortality?
- What are the basic assumptions of conditionalism, also known as annihilationism?
- Does belief in annihilationism mean you are not a Christian?
- What did Jesus say about hell and the final judgment?
- The New Testament interprets the Old Testament, not the other way around
- How did Jesus speak of death and dying and what did he mean by it?
- The conditionalist Bible
Challenging conditionalism, annihilationism
- Philosophical challenges to the conditionalist view of eternal punishment being nonexistence
- Conditionalism and the genetic fallacy regarding the immortal soul
- Conditionalism and begging the question
- Conditionalism and conflating eternal punishment with nonexistence
- Conditionalism and the figurative literal interpretive error
- Conditionalism and degrees of punishment
- Is annihilationism potentially dangerous regarding evangelism?
- If the sinner is punished and satisfies the law, then shouldn’t he go to heaven?
- Edward Fudge says “apollumi’ mostly refers to death. That is misleading
- Edward Fudge’s doctrine of punishment then annihilation has a problem
- Edward Fudge and eternal salvation, redemption, judgment, destruction, and punishment
- Edward Fudge’s teaching that when death occurs the soul is deprived of life, leads to heresy
- Who is the false prophet of Revelation?
- Examining Chris Date and Glenn Peoples’ discussion of Date and Corbett debate with Sherlin and Poore
Destruction, punishment, and fire
- What is punishment according to the Bible?
- Usage of the English word punish, discipline, execute, etc. in the entire Bible
- What does the destruction of people mean according to the New Testament
- Eternal fire is not eternal. Instead, God as the source is eternal
- Fire burns the wicked until they are consumed, then they are annihilated
Conditionalism, annihilationism and the soul
- Why is the nature of the soul so important in conditionalism?
- In conditionalism, there is a logical problem with the soul ceasing to exist and then being resurrected
- Problems with anthropological physicalism/materialism
- Different conditionalists/annihilationists have different views concerning the soul
- Conditionalism and the anthropological monism, physicalism problem
- Conditionalism and the anthropological monism, physicalism and Jesus problem
- God receiving Jesus’ spirit proves continued conscious existence after death
- Soul sleep, Jesus’ human nature, and conditionalism
- Is the immortal soul is a Greek concept adopted by the early church?
- Examining soul sleep and its problems
- Is there an intermediate state and what does it mean for conditionalism?
- Soul sleep problems and questions
Objections to Eternal Conscious Torment answered
- Eternal conscious torment makes God immoral
- Eternal conscious torment does not benefit God nor the one being punished
- Eternal Conscious Torment makes God unloving
- Eternal Conscious Torment is too horrible and monstrous to be true
- Eternal Conscious Torment would mean that God is not just to punish finite sin infinitely
- God is holy and will not allow evil to exist forever. Therefore, the wicked will be annihilated
- Sin against God deserves infinite punishment, but suffering forever does not satisfy that infinite punishment
Verses Examined
- Summation of Scriptures examined regarding conditionalism
- Genesis 2:17, “in the day”
- Genesis 3:19 and returning to dust
- Genesis 3:22-24, guarding the tree of life
- Ecclesiastes 9:5, and the dead know nothing
- Ecclesiastes 12:7, and the soul returning to God
- Psalm 1:4-5, the wicked are like chaff
- Psalm 6:5, no mention of God in death
- Psalm 9:17, The wicked will return to Sheol
- Psalm 37, the wicked are no more
- Psalm 92:6-9, the wicked are destroyed
- Psalm 112:10, the wicked will melt away
- Isaiah 33:11-14, the wicked are burned with fire
- Isaiah 34:8-10, the smoke of the city ascends forever
- Isaiah 66:24 and Mark 9:47-48, worm dies not, fire not quenched
- Daniel 12:2, people wake to everlasting contempt
- Ezekiel 18:4, the soul that sins will die
- Malachi 4:1-3, the evildoer is like chaff set ablaze
- Matthew 3:12, Luke 3:17, the chaff are burned with unquenchable fire
- Matthew 7:13-14, many are led to destruction
- Matthew 8:29 and Mark 1:23-24, and the demons tormented before their time
- Matthew 10:15 and degrees of punishment
- Matthew 10:28, destroy both body and soul in hell
- Matthew 13:40-42, wicked are burned with fire
- Matthew 17, Christ’s transfiguration, Moses, and Elijah
- Matthew 18:8-9, it is better to enter heaven lame, then cast into hell whole
- Matthew 22:32, People are alive after death, God of the living
- Matthew 25:41, eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels
- Matthew 25:46 and eternal punishment
- Mark 1:23-24, and the demons tormented before their time
- Mark 9:47-48, Isaiah 66:24, worm dies not, fire not quenched
- Mark 12:26-27, people are alive after death, God of the living
- Luke 3:17, Matt 3:12, the chaff are burned with unquenchable fire
- Luke 12:47-48 and degrees of punishment
- Luke 16, the rich man and Lazarus
- Luke 20:35-36, in the resurrection, the good are like angels, immortal
- Luke 20:37, people are alive after death, God of the living
- Luke 23:42-43, the thief with Jesus in the afterlife the day of his death
- John 11:26, all who believe in Jesus will never die
- John 15:6, people are cast into the fire and burned
- Romans 6:23, the wages of sin is death
- 1 Corinthians 3:17, God will destroy people
- 1 Corinthians 15:17-18, if Christ is not raised, those who are asleep have perished
- 2 Corinthians 5:8, being separated from the body and at home with the Lord
- 2 Corinthians 12:2, in the body or out of the body, caught up to heaven
- Philippians 1:28, 3:19, and the destruction of the ungodly
- 1 Peter 3:18-20, Jesus spoke to the spirits in prison
- 2 Peter 2:6, Sodom and Gomorrah were reduced to ashes
- 2 Peter 2:9, the present punishment of the wicked
- 2 Peter 2:12, destruction of the wicked
- 2 Peter 3:7, those kept for the day of judgment for the destruction of the ungodly
- 2 Thessalonians 1:9, the eternal destruction of the wicked
- 1 Timothy 6:16, and God alone has immortality
- 2 Timothy 1:9-10, God brought life and immortality to light through the gospel
- Jude 6-7, angels and the wicked undergoing punishment of eternal fire
- Jude 10, wicked men revile and are destroyed
- Revelation 14:9-11, worshippers of the beast are tormented forever
- Revelation 18:8, 21, Babylon burned and not found any more
- Revelation 20:10, the devil, the beast, and the false prophet, tormented day and night forever
Word Studies
- Summary of other word studies related to annihilationism
- Word study on the Book of Life
- Chaff, Hebrew and Greek words examined
- Death, apothnesko
- Death, nekros
- Death, teleute
- Death, thanatos
- Eternal, aionios
- Eternal Fire
- Eternal Life
- Eternal punishment
- Example, deigma
- False prophet
- Fire, pur
- Forever and ever
- Hades
- Hell, Gehenna
- Immortality, aphtharsia
- Immortality, athanasia
- Incorruptible, aphthartos
- In the day
- Lake of fire
- Life, zoe
- Outer darkness
- Presence, prosopon
- Sheol
- Soul, psuche
- Weeping and gnashing of Teeth
- Will be no more
Greek Word Studies related to destruction, torment, etc.
- About these word studies as they relate to conditional immortality, annihilationism
- Word Study of all the Greek words for destruction and punishment
- Word study of Greek words as English punish, penalty, condemn
- Word Study of the English word ‘punish’ in the New Testament
- Summary of Greek words related to destruction, punishment
- Aphanizo – disappear
- Apoleia – destroy
- Apollumi – destroy, perish
- Basanizo – torment
- Basanismos – torment
- Basanos– torment
- Basanistes – torment
- Diaphtheiro – to destroy utterly
- Dike – penalty, punishment
- Ekdikeo – execute justice
- Ekdikesis – execute justice
- Epitimia – punishment
- Exolethreuo – to destroy out of its place
- Kataluo – to tear down, conquer
- Katastrophe – destruction, overthrow, ruin
- Kathaireo – tear down, conquer
- Kathairesis – conquer, tear down
- Kolasis – punish
- Kolazo -prune
- Luo – loose, destroy, end
- Olethros – destroy, kill, ruin
- Paideuo – punish, chastize
- Phtheiro – to waste, corrupt
- Phthora – destruction, spoil
- Portheo – ravage, destroy
- Suntrimma – destruction, ruin
- Tephroo, destroy – turn to ashes
- Timoreo – punish
- Timoria – punish
Hebrew Word Studies related to destruction and punishment, etc.
- Summary of Hebrew words related to destruction and punishment
- Word study on Hebrew words for English punish, avenge, vengeance in the Old Testament
- Abad – perish
- Awon – punishment
- Biqqoreth – punishment
- Naqam – punish
- Paqad – punish
- Rasha – punish
- Shachath – destroy, ruin, corrupt
- Yacaph -punish
- Yacar – punish
